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《魔女宅急便》常见问题及解答
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
翻译：icytear
所有翻译均为动画爱好者交流所用，版权归原作者及所属媒体所有
翻译部分未经允许，请勿转载.
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问：“魔女宅急便（Majo no Takkyuubin）”是什么意思？
答：就是“小魔女快递服务”。“Takkyuubin”其实是大和运输公司在开办上门快递服务时自创的一个词。大和运输公司用一只黑猫妈妈嘴里叼着一只小黑猫作为商标，还顺便造了一个短语“黑猫大和快递”。尽管开始时公司内部曾展开了激烈的争论,最终该公司还是赞助了这部影片。原书作者角野荣子未经大和运输公司允许就用了“Takkyuubin”这个词，让他们很不愉快。然而，观众们喜欢这部片子，这也帮大和运输公司提升了形象，所以最终是皆大欢喜的结局。
问：电影取材于漫画还是小说？
答：取材于一本儿童读物《魔女宅急便》（作者：角野荣子，插画：林明子，书目号ISBN 4-8340-0119-9，单价1290日圆）。由于是儿童读物，该书用很简单的日语写成。所以如果你正在学习日语，读一读它正合适。
这本书还有续集《魔女宅急便2：琪琪和她的新魔法》（作者角野荣子，插画野多珂子，书目号ISBN 4-8340-1174-7，单价1500日圆）。这部书在电影之后写成，大概是因为电影太受欢迎了吧。在故事里，琪琪又负责运送了魔术师的魔法包，河马等奇怪的东西。书名中的“新魔法”是指在故事的后半部分，琪琪回家探亲（她已“实习期”满），学会了妈妈的制药方法。之后她又回到了科里克。
问：原书作者不喜欢这部电影，是这样的吗？
答：角野荣子对宫崎骏的改编很不满意。书是插话性质的，琪琪在运送过程中遇到的各种人、各种小插曲都写了进去。琪琪身上也没有发生一些不好的或者戏剧性的故事。书中的她既没有失去过魔法，也没有遇到事故。宫崎骏做了这些改动，是因为他需要一个能够支撑整部影片的故事，他要讲述一个关于成长经历的故事。他这样写到：“由于电影要传达的是更真实的感觉，所以这里的琪琪比原书中要经受更大的挫败感和孤独感。只有克服了这些挫败感和孤独感，她才能真正的成长起来。
据说角野荣子对这些改编的强烈不满差点导致影片在剧本阶段就搁浅。宫崎骏和铃木敏夫（吉卜力工作室的制片人）亲自去她家中拜访，又把她请到工作室，最终才劝得她让步。
问：琪琪所在的城市科里克是什么地方？
答：据宫崎骏所说，那是“一个大混居的地方，就像那不勒斯、里斯本、斯德哥尔摩、巴黎，甚至是旧金山。所以城市的一边好象是濒临地中海，而另一边则与波罗的海相临”。宫崎骏和他的主力助手访问了瑞典哥特兰岛西岸的维斯比和斯德哥尔摩，收集了当地影象作为创作科里克的灵感。总的看来，科里克是斯德哥尔摩式的。斯德哥尔摩旧城区就是一个原型。
瑞典是宫崎骏最先观光的外国。那还要追溯到1970年，为了那部《皮皮的长袜》。然而，那次旅行并没有达到目的（就是获得《皮皮的长袜》原书作者的改编许可），但维斯比却深深印在宫崎骏的脑海中。所以这次，他把维斯比的形象运用到了《魔女宅急便》中。
问：故事发生在什么时候？
答：背景设定在想象中50年代的欧洲——那里从没发生过“二战”。
问：琪琪家附近的树上挂着一些铃铛，为什么呢？
答：在书中解释到，是琪琪的妈妈把镇上的每棵树顶都挂上了铃铛。因为飞行中的琪琪有时会走神，一不注意就飞的不够高。所以当琪琪迎面撞上电线杆，弄坏了扫帚又擦伤了自己，铃铛便都响了。琪琪的妈妈和原书作者的唯一愿望是当琪琪离开故乡的时候，这些铃铛会响起来。
问：为什么琪琪一定要确定这个镇上没有别的魔女？
答：因为那是必要条件。一个小魔女13岁时必须离开家在一个没有魔女的城市住上一年，这样才能让自己成为真正的魔女。和古代相比，现代的魔女数量很少，力量也很弱小。“小魔女13岁就必须离开家”这个习俗的形成正是为了保证魔女不会灭亡，这样，魔女氏族才能永远的延续下去。规定“一个城市只能有一个魔女”可能是为了让魔女的势力范围尽可能扩大吧。
问：为什么收音机中说的是英语？
答：这有很多种可能。可能收音机正在收短波节目，也可能琪琪听的是美国驻军的电台。（在欧洲和日本都有这种广播电台）
也可能这是告诉观众，琪琪在这个新的城市是多么孤单寂寞（在影片开头，广播中说的是日语）。在琪琪开始独立生活的旅途中，一开始她还是沉浸在家庭气氛中，有爸爸的收音机，妈妈的扫帚，还有她最亲密的伙伴——吉吉，亲密的就像她另一个自我。但是这些东西她一个接一个的失去了。收音机里说的是外语（对琪琪和日语观众来说），她的扫帚弄坏了，连吉吉也不再跟她说话。从这时开始，她才真正找到了属于自己的独立。现在的她有了自己的扫帚（其实是一个地板刷），和吉吉一家人也建立了新的友好关系。在这座城市里，琪琪还找到了属于自己的朋友。
问：琪琪最终恢复了全部法力吗？
答：是的。吉吉不再和琪琪说话（至少是不再说人话）不是因为琪琪失去法力，而是因为他们都长大了。书中是这样解释的：一个小魔女和一只黑猫从小长在一起，所以他们能互相交谈（可以注意到琪琪的妈妈从不直接和吉吉说话）。他们可以沟通不是因为魔法本身（虽然如此长寿的猫可能真的有点法力），而是因为他们是如此的亲密无间。按宫崎骏的设计，即使在琪琪最终恢复了法力，吉吉还是不能和她说话——因为琪琪真的长大了，她不再需要那“另一个自我”。宫崎骏说：“对琪琪来说，最重要的是能否独立面对各种各样的人。只要她骑着扫帚带着她的猫咪飞行在天空，她就可以::自::由::。但住在一座城市里、接受训练，就意味着不再有扫帚，不再有吉吉，她要独自走在城市的道路，她必须和人们交谈。琪琪和吉吉可以建立一种人格上独立的新关系。他们仍然是朋友，只是这种朋友关系中加入了新的元素（比如莉莉，还有吉吉的儿女们）。
在迪斯尼的配音中，吉吉是先问：“琪琪，你能听到我说什么 吗？”，然后才跳上琪琪的肩膀，而这句台词在原版中是没有的。
问：Ursula的画是谁画的？
答：是一所天才儿童特殊学校的学生们画的。宫崎骏加绘了琪琪的脸，美术组成员之一Oga也画了一些。这幅画被命名为“飞跃彩虹之船”。
问：片中有什么内在幽默吗？
答：[选自《〈魔女宅急便〉故事大纲》.再版于吉卜力工作室档案第三卷21页]
琪琪在卧室里和爸爸告别那一幕，她的书架上放着一个玩具小屋，小屋窗户上画的就是小梅和小龙猫；琪琪的床上还放着一个挺像龙猫的绒毛玩具；琪琪第一次到科里克差点被公共汽车撞到那一幕，公共汽车的一侧竟写着“吉卜力工作室”；琪琪被警察盘问那一幕，这辆写着“吉卜力工作室”的公共汽车也出现在了琪琪背后。
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在结尾，清洁工指着电视屏幕说“她用的是我的扫帚”那幕，宫崎骏就在画面的右上角旁观呢！但是在摇摄扫描版（比如迪斯尼的VHS版）中这已经看不到了。
问：我听说面包店的名字就是一个幽默，是这样的吗？
答：面包店叫做"Guchokipanya"（或者像影片中拼成“Gutiokipanja”）。这取自于“石头剪刀布”的游戏。石头(Gu)大过剪刀(Choki)，剪刀(Choki)大过布(Pa)，布(Pa)大过石头(Gu)。于是，“石头剪刀布”又被叫做"Guchokipa"。“面包店”在日语中是"Panya"，所以"Guchokipanya"这个名字本身就是个幽默。这个名字不是宫崎骏想出来的，而是书的原作者想出来的。
问：听说宫崎骏本来不打算导演《魔女宅急便》，是这样的吗？
答：是的。一开始，宫崎骏只打算负责制片，因为这部片子是用来提携吉卜力新人的。然而，宫崎骏不太喜欢一名年轻编剧的剧本，所以亲自编写了剧本。（一开始他想用笔名"Oaza Takesato",读起来就是"O Ghibli"）。之后，年轻的导演感觉压力太大，最终由宫崎骏亲自上阵导演。
问：琪琪的配音演员是谁？
答：日语版是高山南。令人惊叹的是，Ursula的配音也是她！Ursula 其实就是长大了的琪琪，她已经找到了人生的方向，对自己也更有信心。高山南也曾为《侧耳倾听》中学校里那个卫生课老师配音。
迪斯尼英文版的配音是柯尔斯滕 邓斯特(代表作《夜访吸血鬼》、《勇敢者的游戏》、《小妇人》)
问：我听说还有另一个配音版本，是真的吗？我在哪里可以找到啊？
答：流线动画公司首先把《魔女宅急便》配成英文，在日本航空公司太平洋航线上放映。这个版本相当好，有人说甚至比《龙猫》还要好，但只能在Ghibli LD Box-set中找到了。
迪斯尼重配的版本得到了较好的评价（虽然有人说不太喜欢吉吉的配音），因而被广泛认可。其中柯尔斯滕 邓斯特 配 琪琪, 菲尔·哈特曼配吉吉, 詹尼安·吉劳法罗配Ursula, 戴比雷诺兹配老妇人。
问：有英文字幕版的《魔女宅急便》吗？
答：有。1998年某个时候迪斯尼发行了一个VHS版（现在已经绝版了），主要是参考了流线动画的英文版本。为什么会这样呢？远山亮子（即本文的英译者）是这样解释的：
考虑到流线动画的英文剧本翻译的比较准确，德间书店把这个剧本给了迪斯尼，迪斯尼的工作即以此为蓝本。里面一些日文剧本中没有的东西也转移到了字幕中去。
问：为什么英文配音中在飞船失事那一幕说“噢，人类啊！”
答：那句台词是流线动画版本的，不是迪斯尼版本的。这涉及到1937兴登堡飞船爆炸的新报告。但是这句台词在原版中是没有的。
问：片头片尾曲是谁创作的？
答：在日语版本中，片头曲“Message in Rouge”和片尾曲“If I've Been Enveloped by Tenderness”都是70年代的老歌，由荒井由実（婚后的她已经更名为松任谷由実）创作和演唱的，她是日本最著名的女歌手兼作曲人之一。
在迪斯尼版本中，片头曲“Soaring”和片尾曲“I'm Gonna Fly”是由Sydney Forest（纽约的秋天）创作和演唱的。
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英文原文
Q: What does "Majo no Takkyuubin" mean?
It means "Witch's Delivery Service". "Takkyuubin" is actually a word created by Yamato Unyu (Yamato Transport, Co., Ltd.) when they started their new service, door-to-door home delivery. Yamato uses black cats (a mother cat carrying a kitten in her mouth) as its trademark, and has a catch phrase, "Black Cat Yamato's Takkyuubin". Yamato sponsored the movie, though there was a controversy inside the company at first. Ms. Kadono, the author of the original book, used the word "Takkyuubin", without permission from Yamato, and they were unhappy about it. However, people loved the movie, and it helped Yamato's company image, so everybody was happy in the end.
Q: Is it based on a manga or a book?
It is based on a children's book, "Majo no Takkyuubin", by KADONO Eiko, illustrated by HAYASHI Akiko, ISBN 4-8340-0119-9, 1290 yen. It is written in fairly simple Japanese, since it's a children's book. So it might be a good book to read if you are studying Japanese.
There is also a sequel to the book, "Majo no Takkyuubin sono 2: Kiki to Atarashii Mahou." (Kiki and Her New Magic), by KADONO Eiko, illustrated by HIRONO Takako, ISBN 4-8340-1174-7, 1500 yen. It was written after the movie, probably because the movie was so popular. Kiki delivers a magician's magic bag, a hippopotamus, and so on. A spoiler: the "new magic" of the title is that near the end, Kiki goes home for a visit (her year is over) and learns how to make her mother's medicine. She then returns to Koriko.
Q: Is it true that the author of the original book didn't like the movie?
Ms. Kadono was not particularly happy with the changes Miyazaki made. The book is episodic, consisting of small stories about people and incidents Kiki encounters while delivering things. Nothing really bad or dramatic happens to Kiki. She never loses her powers, and there is no blimp accident in the book. Miyazaki made these changes since he needed a story that would hold up a film, and he wanted to tell a story about the process of growing up. Miyazaki writes, "As movies always create a more realistic feeling, Kiki will suffer stronger setbacks and loneliness than in the original." Only after overcoming such setbacks and loneliness could she grow up.
It is said that Ms. Kadono was so unhappy with these changes that the project was almost scrapped at the screenplay stage. Miyazaki and Suzuki, the producer of Ghibli, went to Ms. Kadono's house, then invited her to the studio, and finally persuaded her to give her consent to the movie.
Q: Where is Kiki's town, Koriko?
According to Miyazaki, it's "a mishmash of various locales, like Napoli, Lisbon, Stockholm, Paris, and even San Francisco. Therefore, one side is like the shores of the Mediterranean sea, but another side seems to border on the Baltic sea." Miyazaki and his main staff visited Visby on the Swedish island of Gotland, and they also visited Stockholm. They shot 80 rolls of film in Stockholm and Visby, gathering location images as inspiration for the scenes in Koriko. For the most part, Koriko is composed of images of Stockholm. A side street in Stockholm's old city, Gamla Stan, is one model.
Sweden was the first foreign country Miyazaki ever visited. It was for the "Pippi Longstockings" project, back in the 1970s. The trip didn't achieve its purpose (getting permission from the author of "Pippi"), but Visby apparently left a strong impression on him, so he later used its images in "Kiki".
Q: When did it take place?
It is said that it was set in an alternate Europe in the 50s where World War II never occurred.
Q: There were bells put on the trees near Kiki's home. Why?
In the book, it was explained that Kiki's mom put bells on the top of every tall tree in town. The reason for this was that Kiki would sometimes get lost in thought and start to lose altitude without noticing. The bells went up after she had a head-on collision with a telephone pole, totalling her broom and bruising herself. It was the only wish of Ms. Kadono, the author of the original book, that these bells be rung when Kiki leaves her hometown.
Q: Why was it so important for Kiki to know that there was no witch in the town?
Because that's the requirement. A witch girl has to leave her home at 13, and has to live a year in a town with no witch to establish herself as a full witch. Witches are now rare and weak, compared to ancient times. This custom of leaving home at 13 was established to make sure that witches wouldn't become extinct. By doing so, the "survival of the species", or the "continuation of witches" will be ensured. It seems that this "one witch" rule was to spread witches as far as possible.
Q: Why did the radio speak in English?
There are many theories. The radio may have been picking up short-wave programs. Or Kiki might have been listening to the programs for American troops stationed there (there are such radio stations in Europe and Japan).
It was probably to show the audience how lonely and isolated Kiki felt at her new town (In the beginning of the film, the radio spoke in Japanese). At the beginning of her journey to independence, Kiki was still surrounded by familiar things: her father's radio, her mother's broom, and her closest existence, her "other self", Jiji. But one by one, she loses these. The radio speaks in a foreign language (to Kiki and the Japanese audience), she breaks the broom, and Jiji no longer speaks to her. Only after that does she gain her true independence. She now has her own broom (rather, deck brush), has a new relationship with Jiji (and his family), and has her own friends in her town.
Q: Did Kiki regain all her powers in the end?
Yes. Jiji doesn't speak (in human words, at least) to Kiki anymore, because they grew up, not because she lost a power. In the original book, it is explained that a witch girl and a black cat are raised together from infancy, and that's why they can "talk" to each other (notice that Kiki's mom never talks with Jiji directly). They are able to talk to each other because of their close relationship, rather than magic itself (a cat being able to live so long could be magic, though). Miyazaki made Jiji not be able to talk to Kiki even after she regained her power to show that Kiki has grown, and doesn't need her "other self" anymore. Miyazaki says, "The most important thing for Kiki is [...] whether she can meet various people on her own. As long as she is flying on the broom with her cat, she is free. But, to live in a town, to get training means that she has to be able to walk the town alone and talk to people, without her broom or her cat." Kiki and Jiji can start a new relationship as independent personalities. They remain friends, with other meaningful relationships (such as Lily and the kittens for Jiji) added on.
In the Disney dub, Jiji says "Kiki, can you hear me?" before he jumps on Kiki's shoulder, but this line is not in the original.
Q: Who painted Ursula's painting?
It was painted by the students at a special school for challenged children. Miyazaki added Kiki's face and Oga, one of the art staff members, also did some touch-ups. It is titled "The Ship Flying over the Rainbow".
Q: Are there in-jokes in Kiki?
Information from the Theater program of "Kiki," which was reprinted in the Archive of Stufio Ghibli Vol.3, p.21.
In the scene in Kiki's bedroom where she says good-bye to her father, there is a small toy house in her bookshelf. Mei and Chibi-totoro are painted into the windows. Also, there is a stuffed animal that looks somewhat like Totoro on her bed. In the scene where Kiki was almost hit by a bus when she first came to Koriko, "Studio Ghibli" is written on the side of the bus. The "Ghibli bus" also passes behind Kiki while she is questioned by a policeman.
In the scene at the end where the street-sweeper is pointing at the TV and saying "that's my broom she used", Miyazaki is in the upper-right corner of the picture looking on.
Miyazaki is not visible in pan and scan version such as the Disney VHS release.
Q: I heard that the name of the bakery was supposed to be a joke. Is it?
The bakery is "Guchokipanya" (or Gutiokipanja as spelled in the movie). It's taken from the game of Janken. Rock (Gu) is stronger than Scissors (Choki), Scissors are stronger than Paper (Pa), and Paper is stronger than Rock. Therefore, it is also called the game of Guchokipa. "Bakery" in Japanese is "Panya", so, the name "Guchokipanya" was supposed to be a joke. The name was thought up by the author of the book, not by Miyazaki.
Q: I heard that Miyazaki was not supposed to direct "Kiki". Is it true?
No, he wasn't. At first, Miyazaki was going to just produce the movie, since it was supposed to be a project for Ghibli's younger staff members. However, Miyazaki didn't like the script a young scriptwriter wrote, so he wrote it himself (at first, he thought about using a pen-name, "Oaza Takesato", which can be read "O Ghibli" :) . Then, the young director got intimidated, so Miyazaki ended up directing it himself.
Q: Who did Kiki's voice?
In the Japanese version, TAKAYAMA, Minami. Amazingly, she also did the voice of Ursula. Ursula is a grown-up Kiki, who now knows her way and is a bit more sure of herself. Takayama Minami also did the voice of Kousaka Sensei, the health room teacher at Shizuku's school in "Mimi". To know more about her, see Hitoshi Doi's Seiyuu (Voice Actor) page.
In the Disney English dub, Kiki is played by Kirsten Dunst (Jumanji, Little Women, Interview with the Vampire).
Q: I heard that there is a dub of "Kiki". Is it true? Where can I get it?
Kiki was dubbed into English by Carl Macek (Streamline) and shown on JAL trans-Pacific flights. It's a fairly good dub, some say better than Totoro. This dub is only availible in the Ghibli LD Box-set.
Disney redubbed it with Kirsten Dunst as Kiki, Phil Hartman as Jiji, Janeane Garofalo as Ursula, and Debbie Reynolds as the old lady. It's considered to be a very good dub (some people dislike Jiji) and is widely availible.
For more information, see the Availability page.
Q: Is there an English subtitled version of "Kiki"?
Sort of.
Disney released a subbed VHS version sometime in 1998 (now out-of-print), but it's based on the Streamline/JAL English dub. Why did this happen? Ryoko Toyama explains:
| Tokuma gave the Streamline script to Disney thinking that it was an accurate translation, and Disney worked on it. Several things that were not in the original Japanese script migrated to the BV subtitles. |
All DVDs contain the same English subtitles (more appropriately called dubtitles).
Q: Why does the English dub say "Oh, the humanity!" when the airship is in distress?
This line is in the Streamline/JAL dub, not in the Disney dub. This is a reference to a news report about the explosion of the Hindenburg airship in 1937. The line was not in the original, though.
Q: Who did the opening and the ending song?
In the Japanese version, the opening song, "Rouge no Dengon (Message in Rouge)" and the ending song, "Yasashisa ni Tsutsumareta Nara (If I've Been Enveloped by Tenderness)" are actually old songs from the 70s, written and sung by ARAI Yumi, (or MATSUTOYA Yumi after her marriage). Yuming, as she is usually called, has been one of the most popular female singer/songwriters in Japan.
To know more about her, visit her Official Home Page (in Japanese).
In the Disney dub, the opening song "Soaring" and the ending song "I'm Gonna Fly" are written and performed by Sydney Forest.
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